Puerperal infection is a dreadful disease and puts economic burden on family as well as on society and is a common pregnancy related conditions that could eventually lead to obstetric shock (or) sometimes death. In developing world, the postnatal complications are the second most common cause of maternal mortality. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and practice on postnatal care during puerperium among mothers. Descriptive design was used with 60 postnatal mothers who were selected using convenient sampling technique. The tools consisted of two sections such as personal data of mothers and the semi- structured questionnaire on knowledge regarding postnatal care during puerperium. A checklist on practice regarding postnatal care was also prepared and data was collected using interview technique. The overall knowledge mean score of mothers’ was 6.46 with the SD of 0.77. The overall mean practice score was 11.27 with the SD of 1.98. The knowledge and practice score shows a significant relationship with each other at p=0.01 level. The level of education and parity had significant relationship with the knowledge and practice of the mothers’ at p= 0.05 and p= 0.01 respectively. The study concludes that majority of the women had poor level of knowledge and practice. Hence, health education programs on prevention of post-natal complications such as puerperal sepsis to be given to decrease the incidence of puerperal complications.

End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD or renal failure), caused by irreversible failure of renal function to filter body metabolic waste products, salts and water, is the lethal stage of all progressive renal diseases. Because of the chronic nature of the disease and its’ burden on physical, physiological, psychological and economical aspects of the RF patients, it affects their sleep quality thereby the quality of life.This study was undertaken to assess the effect of warm footbath on sleep quality among the renal failure patients in selected hospitals. A pre-experimental, one group pre and post test design was adopted for the study. Thirty RF patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected using convenient sampling technique. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality. The base line results of PSQI showed that 20% of RF patients slept well, and 80% suffered from sleeplessness with the mean score of PSQI was 11.37 ± 5.91.The comparison of PSQI mean scores between pre- and post-intervention among the RF patients showed that the overall sleep quality as well as the sub-components such as subjective sleep quality, latency, time, sleep efficacy, somnipathy, use of sleep medications and daytime dysfunction have improved significantly (p=0.000) after the foot bath therapy for 4 weeks. This confirms that the warm foot bath therapy for 30 - 40 minutes per day before sleep, improves the quality of sleep among RF patients.

Individuals living with chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as the "new silent killer," must deal with a variety of physical and emotional challenges connected with the chronic illness and dialysis treatments. These  chronic renal failure patient need to follow a variety of stringent restrictions in which renal protection diet plays a crucial role to keep them away from various complications. As a result, the investigator believes that the current study provides information on the factors that influence adherence to a renal protection die of CRF patients.A descriptive study was used with thirty CRF patients who were selected using purposive sampling technique from a selected hospital. The tools of data collection includes demographic variables and a checklist to assess the determinants of adherence with renal protection diet.According to the findings, 79.4% answered "agree" or "strongly agree" to questions relating to disease knowledge and perception on the disease. Emotional and self-management factors had been agreed by 69.1% of the CRF patients as determinants for adherence. Familial and social support was the greatest factor for 70.13% of the patients and 36% of the CRF patients felt that environmental conditions may influence their dietary behaviour. 70.19% of the CRF patients felt that they received adequate support from the health care professionals and 30% requested for regular health education. Education and gender had significant relationship with the adherence to the dietary plan at p=0.05 and p=0.01 respectively. The study emphasised the need for regular health education for CRF patients.

Anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency disorders affecting the pregnant women in the developing countries. Anemia during pregnancy is commonly associated with poor pregnancy outcome and can result in complications that threaten the life of both mother and fetus. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of beetroot with amla juice on iron deficiency anaemia among antenatal mothers. One group pretest and posttest design was used and thirty antenatal mothers who met the criteria were selected using convenient sampling technique. Demographic variables were collected from the mothers and digital hemoglobinometer was used to assess the Hb level.The antenatal mothers were educated to take beetroot with amla juice on alternate days, 30 minutes before food in the morning in addition with the regular antenatal protocol drugs prescribed by the obstetrician for 3 months. The results showed that after intervention, the level of anemia improved which is significant at p=0.05 level.Based on the present study results, the beetroot juice with amla appears to be a powerful dietary source for improving the anemia among antenatal mothers. Hence, this intervention may be advised to all the antenatal mothers on regular basis during antenatal visits to improve the Hb level and prevent anemia.

In Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats, the bone protective properties of Puerariae Radix (PR) extract were investigated. Diabetic Sprague Dawley rats (n=6) were administered one of three treatments through gavage: Saline (control), metformin (1000mg/kg bw), or Puerariae Radix extract (100mg/kg bw) for eight weeks. Puerariae Radix enhanced the mineral content and density of the bone, according to our findings. Furthermore, biochemical evidence suggested that Puerariae Radix had a beneficial effect on bone turnover. According to the findings, Puerariae Radix should be investigated for usage in the treatment of diabetic osteoporosis.