Objective: The study was done to describe dental self-care and visiting behaviour in relation to social and educational inequalities in caries experience. Methods: A close ended questionnaire was administered among patients who were attending outpatient from a private dental institution, Chennai. Results: Multivariate analysis showed dental attendance and dental self-care behaviour of lower socio-economic groups is worse than that of their higher socio-economic groups. Conclusion:The study demonstrates the existence of significant socio-economic groups in caries experience. This is worrying, Dental attendance and dental self-care was associated with socio-economic status, with decreasing dental behaviour having negative association of lower economic status and their oral health.

Aim:The aim of the study is to assess the efficiency of Calendula officinalis in the treatment of gingivitis. Calendula officinalis, an ayurvedic product, belongs to the family Asteraceae and is commonly known as pot marigold¹. This systematic review deals with the efficiency of C.officinalis in the treatment of gingivitis by comparing it to other placebo groups of mouthwashes. It is a systematic review based on several studies attempted through randomised control trials to gather the required results. Materials and methods: A systematic literature review was derived using Google scholar, Pub Med, Cochrane Library, Medline, Wiley's online library, Science Direct, Scopus using terms- calendula officinalis, gingivitis, and dentistry. A total of 208 articles appeared from various sources, out of which 164 were screened, and 21 articles were related to the research questions. This review was reported according to the preferred reporting criteria for systematic review guidelines.Results: 5 trials were included, and they were all compared to other placebo groups of mouth rinses and dentifrices. Among the six trials, five were found to be significant in favouring the effectiveness of Calendula Officinalis. No meta-analyses were performed. Conclusion: In the available review, the multiple beneficial effects of Calendula officinalis were found to be effective in treating gingivitis and improving oral health.

Ayurveda described term ‘Hridroga’ for the diseases related to the cardiovascular system. The major cardiovascular events include myocardial infarction, coronary artery, valve disorders and angina pectoris, etc. These diseases mainly considered responsible for premature death in elderly person. Male are more prone to such disorders especially in elderly age. Smoking, stress, faulty dietary habits, alcohol consumption, presence of other diseases like diabetes and hereditary factors considered responsible for pathological initiation of Hridroga. Lack of supply of blood to the heart, reduction in cardiac output and irregular heart rhythm, etc. are major events associated with cardiovascular disorders. As per Ayurveda Hrida, Dhamani and Rasavaha Strotas, etc. are involves in such types of conditions. Ayurveda suggested many treatment aspects for Hridroga such as; Langhana, Ushnodakpana, Laghubhojana, Sadvrittapalan, Vyayama and Shodhna Chikkitsa along with herbal therapy and classical Ayurveda formulations.

Pregnancy is a normal physiological process and not a disease. High risk pregnancy is condition that may be present before and in pregnancy. Specific factors that might contribute to high risk pregnancy include advanced maternal age, anemia, life style choices, gestational diabetes, antepartum hemorrhage and hypertension that leads to postnatal complications - hemorrhage puerperal sepsis, perineal injuries and eclampsia. The main aim of the study is to enhance the knowledge regarding postnatal complications among high risk antenatal mothers by providing structured teaching programme in order to improve the maternal health. For this study quasi experimental design was used. The study was conducted among 30 high risk antenatal mothers attending antenatal outpatient department at Pollachi. The sample was selected by purposive sampling. Data was collected by sociodemographic variables and structured knowledge-based interview module. The result shows that the mean post-test knowledge of control and experimental group is 16.53 and 23.17 respectively, it is higher than the pretest knowledge score. The calculated post test score was 5.8433 it is significant at p<0.05 level. Thus, the structured teaching programme regarding postnatal complications is effective in increasing knowledge.

Introduction: The cardiac patients came across with the incidence of pain at Low Molecular Weight Heparin site (LMWH). In this context, Dry cold application appears to be a cheaper and easily available therapy to reduce pain. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of dry cold application on pain perception among patients receiving low molecular weight heparin. Design: A qualitative approach using quasi experimental post test only control group design. Participants: 60 patients receiving low molecular weight heparin. Samples were selected using non-probability purposive sampling in Sree Abirami Hospital at Coimbatore. Intervention: Dry cold application for 20 minutes prior to administration of injection LMWH to reduce level of pain perception. Tools: Standardized Numerical rating scale was used to assess the level of pain perception. Results: Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were to analyze collected data. Using Unpaired ’t’ effect of dry cold application on pain perception was analyzed immediately after withdrawing needle, after 2 hours and after 4 hours (t=31.4, 24.8 and 14.07 respectively <0.05). Conclusion: Application of dry cold was effective in reducing the level of pain perception among patients receiving LMWH.

Introduction: The coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients have pain and altered physiological parameters.In this study, Swedish massage therapy appears to be a natural and effective therapy to reduce pain among CABG patients.Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Swedish massage on the level of pain and physiological parameters among patients following CABG. Design: A quantitative research approach using pre-experimental pretest-posttest only design. Sampling Technique: The subjects were 30 CABG patients selected by using non probability purposive sampling technique in Sree Abirami Hospital, Coimbatore. Tools: The level of pain was assessed by using Numerical Rating Scale, Blood Pressure was checked and categorized based on the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended blood pressure category table and the level of Peripheral Oxygen Saturation was checked and categorized based on standardized Rule of Thump category table. Intervention: Swedish massage intervention was administered to the subjects for 20 minutes twice a day at morning and evening for 4 consecutive days. The data was analyzed by using descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired “t” test). Results: The study findings revealed the obtained ‘t’ value of 11.4 pain, 12.3 blood pressure, and 18.9 peripheral oxygen saturation were significant at p≤0.05l level. Conclusion: It shows that Swedish massage therapy was effective in reducing pain, blood pressure and improves peripheral oxygen saturation level among patients following CABG.

The Ayurveda term ‘Sira’ collectively used for blood vessels including arteries, veins, lymphatic and capillaries. This term mainly related to the vessels of circulatory system which helps in the transportation of blood and other substances. As per Ayurveda there are some conditions which require venesection (puncturing of vein) including surgical interventions. However there are some Siras which should not be punctured and these are called Avedhya sira. Venesection on this Siras can cause disability or even death, thus surgeon or physician must remain aware about the anatomical positioning of such Siras. Therefore it is essential to explore location and anatomical descriptions of suchAvedhya sira. Considering this fact present article summarizing anatomical and clinical perspective on Avedhya sira.

Pregnancy is a complex phenomena require a constant consistent supervision of health team members throughout the phase of pregnancy. The actual challenging phase in throughout pregnancy is the delivery phase, during which majority of complications will arose in fraction of minutes one such complication is post partum haemorrhage. Prevention of postpartum haemorrhage begins by registration and confirmation of pregnancy, by regular intake of iron and folic acid supplements, balanced diet and exercise. During labour postpartum haemorrhage is prevented by good practice of AMTSL (Active Management of Third Stage of Labor), hence the present study aim to assess the practice of AMTSL by nurses during delivery and improve their skill by hand-on training. A total 98 nurses working in labor unit were selected by purposive sampling, using a structured practice checklist questionnaire the skill was assessed and hand-on training was given following which post training the skill was assess by using same practice checklist questionnaire. The results of the study showed that the hands-on training was effective and have brought the change in the skill and confidence level of the nurses. The study recommended that nurses should be given regular continuing nursing skill education in bettering the care of the patients and improving the nursing care in health care facilities.

Demand for food and increasing with the population increasing thus may impart health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Beverages are a major part of the food industry and are composed of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. Beverages were consumed to deliver high concentrations of functional ingredients. Vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, grains and seeds were the major functional foods that provide health benefits. Recently, the number of functional foods that have a potential benefit on health has hugely grown and scientific evidence is supporting the role of functional foods in the prevention and treatment of several diseases. Due to the increased consumption of beverages, it has become very important to ensure the proper assessment of the antioxidant properties of beverages. The present study deals with the preparation of raw materials, traditional processing, composition, and ethnomedicinal importance of each food to encourage entrepreneurs to develop large-scale production to meet the growing market demand for functional foods.

Recent reports from all over India indicated a resurgence of the disease, scrub typhus which is associated with morbidity and mortality becoming a serious cause of concern especially in eastern India. Although this disease is in rural areas, it is now urbanized and prevalence has further broadened affecting children all over the country. Due to overlapping presentations with other diseases and varied presentations, scrub typhus required a high degree of suspicion. The present study has attempted to estimate the prevalence of clinical features, complications, and the health impact of scrub typhus on children. Around 34 patients admitted in the Calcutta Medical Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal who were diagnosed for scrub typhus were considered for the study and descriptive, observational, cross-sectional methodology was employed. SPSS and Minitab 17 were conducted. The results of the study showed that children get infected with scrub typhus disease presented with fever, eschar, thrombocytopenia and mild hepatitis. Lack of diagnostic procedures and knowledge about the disease delays the diagnosis and early treatment in the Indian scenario and prompt empirical therapy along with clinical suspicion are required to reduce the mortality from scrub typhus among children. Future studies are required with larger samples for the generalizability of the study results.