The class room learning requires healthy classroom atmosphere. This article presents effects of “Mood Elevator Techniques” (MET) on teaching and learning process. Study suggested that MET help students to pay more attention during class time and majority of student support use of MET in classroom since it helps to learn easy as well as difficult material. Study believe that use of MET in classroom improve learning ability of students since it reduces tension, improves classroom climate and help to calm mind. The results of study suggested significant improvement in teaching and learning process after the uses of various mood elevator techniques; the understanding capability of students improved significantly along with interest in subject being taught.

The childhood diseases described as Bal-Rog in ancient Ayurveda science; this is the state of mental and physical development. Ayurveda consider Dhatri Stanya Dushti as causative factor of diseases in Ksheerada Avastha. The physiological participation of Dosh, mala and Dushya are different in children as compared to adult therefore the type and prevalence of disease are also different in children and thus pediatric care needed utilization of various approaches for the management of Bal-Rog such as; herbal remedies, discipline life style, Rasayan and Panchkarma. This article described role of Rasayan and Panchkarma in the management of some Bal-Rog. However use of Rasayan and Panchkarma in Bal-Rog preferably not come first but traditional texts of ayurveda advised these therapy in some especial conditions. Panchakarma may be done from the age of seven years and as per requirement Rasayan therapy may be used in early age but with great precautionary measurement.

Ayurveda the science of Indian medical system accredited to Dhanvantari. Anatomical knowledge in ancient India developed on the basis of practical experiments and continuous observation. The Caraka Samhita and Susruta Samhita are the important text of Ayurveda science. The Susruta Samhita concern about surgery and provides anatomical important information; Susruta Samhita encompasses many chapters regarding the human anatomy. The anatomical text of Ayurveda science also described a term Marma which means the joining point of Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi and Sandhi; these Marma are special points (Sthana) in human body and any injury on these Marma may leads disease, disability and fatal conditions. Tri-Marma i.e. Shira, Hridayam and Basti described by Acharya Charaka possess significant clinical importance. This article described anatomical perspective of some Marma with their clinical significance.

Ayurveda is indigenous system of medicines based on experimental observation and logical reasoning. Ayurveda described treatment for various disease but also advocate some preventive measure for the prophylactic care. Panchakarma is Shodhana Chikitsa of ayurvedic system play significant role towards the management of various disorders. Various researchers investigated efficacy of Panchakarma in different diseases, considering the importance of Panchakarma therapy this article presenting role of Panchakarma in different age group, pediatric care, geriatric care and management of stress induced diseases in adult person.

This present study was done to evaluate the perceived benefits of problem-based learning (PBL) over Lecture method in terms of enhancing critical thinking skills and problem solving ability among nursing students in Coimbatore. A Quasi Experimental study with control group pre test and post test design was adopted. A total sample of 260- II year B.Sc. Nursing students were selected, out of which 130 were allotted to the interventional group and the remaining 130 were allotted to the control group (Traditional Lecture method) using purposive sampling technique. The interventional group was taught using PBL method of teaching, whereas the control group was taught using lecture method of teaching. Later the subjects were assessed for their perceived benefits of the teaching method used on the development of critical thinking skills and problem solving ability, which were assessed by a five point Likert scale. The Likert scale responses were scaled as, strongly agree, agree, uncertain, disagree and strongly disagree and the level of critical thinking skills and problem solving ability was graded as Low (1-25%), Moderate (26-50%), Well (51-75%) and Excellent (76-100%). It was observed in this study that in the interventional group, all the subjects 130 (100%) had favorable perception towards PBL method of learning, whereas the subjects who learnt through Lecture method did not perceive it favorably.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is common metabolic disease worldwide and its complications result to increased morbidity, disability and mortality. In Eritrea, the prevalence of the diabetic complications is not well studied so far. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess prevalence of diabetic complications and associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in Asmara, Halibet regional hospital diabetic clinic of from July 01to July 31, 2016. All adult diabetic patients who visited every other day to the clinic during the study period were included. Data was collected through interview scheduled questionnaire and clinical card review. Presence of complications and the type of medications the patient took were identified through review of patient clinical records. Data were entered, cleaned and coded using an excel and exported to SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and t- test were carried out to come across the itemize objective. Results: Larger proportion, 333 (84.9%) of patients had type II diabetes, and 293 (53.4%) of them were diabetic for more than 11years. Overall 300 (76.5%) of the patients were found affected by one or more of the diabetic complications. Complications were identified mainly among type II diabetic patients 269 (80.8%). The age of patients (𝑃 value-0.0001), type of diabetes (𝑃 value = 0.0001), medication used (P value = 0.022) and duration of diabetes (𝑃 value = 0.0001), were strongly associated with the occurrence of diabetic complication but sex, self-reported adherence and family history, were not associated with the presence of complication. Out of three hundred ninety two patients 300 (76.5%) experienced at least one of the following diabetic complications. Neuropathy 197 (50.3%), impotence 105 (48.2%), visual disturbance 163 (41.6%), hypertension 150 (38.3%), and foot ulceration 17 (4.3%), respectively. Age had statistically significant association with hypertension (P value = 0.0001) and impotence (P value = 0.0001).Type II diabetes was significantly associated with hypertension (P value = 0.0001) and impotence (P value = 0.0001). Conclusion: The prevalence of complications among diabetic patients in Halibet regional referral hospital diabetic clinic was found to be high. Majority of the patients were type II diabetics. Chronic complications were observed more commonly among type II diabetics. Increased occurrence of hypertension, impotence and neuropathy were observed. The study showed that age, type of diabetes, medication used and duration of diabetes were significantly associated with the increase of diabetic complications.

Objective: To study the nutritional status and to evaluate the educational effectiveness of nutritional games in school going adolescents at Anantapur. Method: The study was a 2 to 2 1/2 months school based intervention for 8th and 9th grades (n=240). The study design was a multi- factorial with repeated measures of nutrition knowledge at three points in time, of dependent samples from control and intervention group. A sample of two schools each in experimental and control groups were selected by multi stage random sampling. The study groups are independent and treated as a random unit. Data was collected using a pretested, semi- structured schedule. Anthropometric measurements were taken as per the standards. Results: Prevalence of under nutrition was observed (grade -1, grade -II, grade-III) for boys 15.7%, 14.9%, 42.1% and girls 17.6%, 14.3%, 24.5% respectively. Over all 64.6% of study samples were under nourished and attempt was made using nutritional games for imparting education. A significant improvement in knowledge level of intervention group was observed compared to control group (p<0.01). Significant decrease (p<0.05) in knowledge levels was not observed after 4 to 5 weeks indicating retention of knowledge acquired through nutrition games. Conclusion: The developed nutrition games tool was effective in imparting nutrition education for adolescents.

Aim: The main purpose of the randomized controlled trial research study was to assess the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation on posttraumatic stress among patients with myocardial infarction. Background: Depression in the elderly is a significant public health problem. Since geriatric depression has important medical, social, and financial consequences, investigation of depression in old age continues to evoke interest. Geriatric depression is under recognized because of various factors. The risk factors that make elderly to become depressed are physical function reduction, chronic illness, death of the life partner and poor socio economic conditions. Design: An Experimental time series research design. Methodology: The research design adopted was Randomized controlled trial. The setting selected for the study was general medical wards in Sri Ramachandra Hospital, Chennai. The samples selected for the study were patients with myocardial infarction. The sample size comprised of 40 patients with myocardial infarction. The sampling technique selected for the study was Simple random sampling technique. Findings: There was an association between the level of posttraumatic stress and age of myocardial infarction patients during the study group during the posttest at the level of P<0.01.Statistically significant association was existing between the level of posttraumatic stress among myocardial infarction patients with respiration during the posttest of the study group at P<0.05.Conclusion:The present study findings suggested that progressive muscle relaxation enhance physical, emotional, mental and social functioning among patients with myocardial infarction. It enhances overall developmental functioning that in turn enhances proper functioning of an individual.

Introduction: Maternal deaths are clustered around labour, delivery, and the immediate postpartum period, with obstetric hemorrhage being the main cause of death. Uterine rupture is one of the main causes of maternal deaths. Uterine rupture refers to complete spontaneous disruption of the uterine wall which is usually accompanied by bleeding and sometimes by extrusion of part or the entire fetal-placental unit. Objective: To determine the incidence, causes, and management of uterine rupture and the characteristics of the women in this condition. Methods: Retrospective documentary review study of all mothers with ruptured uterus, at Mendefera zonal referral hospital from January1st 2013 to September 30, 2016 was applied. The study was conducted to know the incidence of ruptured uterus and its cause, main surgical intervention, and case fatality rate in the hospital. Patient identification performed through review of pre - recorded log book and clinical card of each mother admitted to maternity ward. Medical records were reviewed and relevant maternal information was recorded starting with socio-demographic characteristics and going through obstetrics, gynecological and surgical history. Statistical analysis of data was done using STATA 9. Results: A study of 35 uterine rupture cases managed over three years and 9 months period in Mendefera zonal referral hospital was reported. During the study period the total number of deliveries in the Mendefera zonal referral hospital was7255 giving an incidence of 0.48% or 1 in 207 deliveries. Majority (87.5%) of the uterine rupture cases were living outside Mendefera city .The mean age, gravidity and parity were 32, 5, and 3, respectively. Of these 35 cases 8 (22%) had history of previous caesarian section. The most frequent risk factor for uterine rupture was prolonged or obstructed labor that accounted 24 (68.6%). The main surgical intervention was a repair which accounts for 97% of the cases. The perinatal mortality and case fatality rate were 97% and 2.9%, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The prevalence of uterine rupture in Mendefera zonal referral hospital was high, when it is compared to the developed countries. The commonest cause for the rupture was prolonged or obstructed labor. Therefore, the study recommends a meticulous and systematic approach in preventing prolonged and obstructed labor in all health facility is needed to reduce the occurrence of these gravely ill consequences.

The prevalence of wheezy bronchitis is worldwide. Achild has tripled over the past ten years and now estimated at 155 million children has wheezy bronchitis, Breathing with a rasp or whistling sound. The high-pitchedvariable intensity expiratory sound emanating from lower respiratory tract, which is called where or singing inthe chest. This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the effectiveness of chest physiotherapy with nebulization salbutamol on the respiratory status of the children with wheezy bronchitis. An experimental approach was used for the study. A factorial design was chosen to determine the effectiveness of NST versus NST with chest physiotherapy. The sample were consists of 80 children aged 3 months to 12 years with wheezy bronchitis. 40 children were in an experimental group INST only and 40 were in an experimental group II, NST with chest physiotherapy were allotted randomly. Data’s were collected using observation checklist. The data that were collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings showed the obtained t value was significant at p<0.05 level. The finding shows that the chest physiotherapy with nebulization was effective in improving respiratory status among children with wheezy bronchitis.