Background: A gap analysis can be referred as the determination of the difference between current knowledge/practices and current Evidence Based Practices. Gaps can occur in knowledge, skills or practice hence identifying the gap and bridging the gap can be beneficial for all nurses. Methodology: The design used for the study was longitudinal and observatory. The study was conducted in Sri Ramachandra Hospital among 900 nurses for a period of one year by means of direct and participatory observation, assessment of knowledge through questionnaire at various situations and skill checklist, one to one interview with nurses. Results: The researcher identified the gap in communication. Procedure steps, utilizing the resources, patient assessment, care documentation, infection control practices, pain management, and medication safety pressure ulcer prevention among the nurses. There was a hesitation in expressing the issues and lack of assertiveness among the middle level administrators. Conclusion: This study brought a systematic process of gathering information that is appropriate and sufficient to develop an effective educational program that will address the groups’ needs and wants (gap).

Lack of eye of eye care specialist coupled with shortage of modern facilities has been identified as main barriers to the utilization of eye care services in Rwanda. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the general knowledge about eye diseases and the main barriers leading to non utilization of eye care services among students at Mount Kenya University. The researcher also tried to assess the relationship between student’s knowledge on eye diseases and utilization of eye care services. This study was conducted using cross sectional and quantitative methods. Questionnaires were used for data collection among 234 students selected in the school of Health sciences at Mount Kenya University. The data was analysed in the line with objective of the study using SPSS software. The study findings found that 52.1% of the study participants were female, 41.9% were aged between 23-27 years, 32.1% use RSSB as health insurance and 42.3% have eye diseases, 44% knew that difficulty to recognize a friend across the street is a sign of eye disease; 35.5% were not aware that this can be a sign of eye disease, while 20.5% did not know whether this can be the sign of eye disease or not. Knowing that difficulty to read a newspaper, magazine, notes and numbers on the telephone are signs of eye diseases had been scored positively by 48.7% among all respondents. This means that the students have moderate knowledge about eye diseases. The study findings also revealed that lack of money to pay for eye care services is a barrier to eye care services utilization, this is supported by 60.3% of the study participants. Finally, lack of educational program on eye care services is a big barrier to eye care services utilization, as it was reported by more than a half of respondents (60.3%). There is no statistical significant relationship between the two variables at 0.005 levels (2-tailed) as figure generated by Pearson chi-square was 0.673. Hence 45.2% is a moderate coefficient of determination. The implication is that by using coefficient of determination there is a moderate relationship between knowledge and eye care services utilization where the students with eye problem were most likely to visit eye care services for eye examination or to check-up the progress.

The Metformin HCL Gastroretentative Floating Sustained released Tablet is formulated by the Wet Granulation technique. This Tablet is containing both Effervescent as well as Non Effervescent system. The HPMC K 100 Swellable polymer is responsible for the Floating. (Non-Effervescent system) and The Sodium Bicarbonate is responsible for the effervescent system. A combination of HPMC K 100 and Xanthum Gum shows better sustained release activity. The Prepared Gastroretentative Floating Sustained released Tablet is Evaluated In terms of bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Carr’s Index and, weight variation test, friability test and in vitro study, Total Floating Time. The result associated in Optimized batch is good to Satisfactory and having a good free flowing property. The weight variation and friability these values are within the pharmacopeia limit. The in vitro Dissolution studies show Maximum percentage of release of drug (99.25) within end of 8 Hours.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. According to World Health report, CKD is the 12^th cause of death and 17^th cause of disability. CKD can cause high blood pressure. High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to work properly. Hypertension has been reported to occur in 85% to 95% of patients with CKD. A quasi experimental study was done with pre-test post-test and control group design to determine the effectiveness of breathing exercises on blood pressure among CRF patients. The subjects were 60 CRF patients with hypertension who were selected using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Among them, 30 were allotted to interventional group and 30 to control group. Blood pressure was checked and categorized based on the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended blood pressure category table. Breathing exercise was administered to the subjects in the interventional group for 15 minutes once in morning for 6 consecutive days. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings showed that the obtained ‘t’ value was significant at p<0.05 level. It shows that the breathing exercise was effective in reducing the level of blood pressure among patients with CRF.

Patients with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis will have high level of fatigue. In this context, footbath has its significance in reducing the level of fatigue. This present study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of footbath on fatigue among patients with CRF undergoing hemodialysis. Quasi experimental pretest posttest with control group design was used to find out the effectiveness of footbath on fatigue. A sample size of 60 patients with CRF undergoing hemodialysis was selected using non probability purposive sampling from a selected hospital. Footbath was given using warm water (400C- 420C) for 10 minutes after hemodialysis. Both legs were soaked 20cm above the ankle. Brief Fatigue Inventory scale was used to assess the level of fatigue by interview method. The result revealed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post test score in the interventional group=31, at p<0.05 level. This study concluded that footbath is effective in reducing fatigue among CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Labour is the only blind date you can be sure that you will meet the love of your life. Labour is the bridge between pregnancy and motherhood, and for the laboring woman. It is often an intense experience of the pregnancy. Child birth is a painful experience for almost all women. Among all the non-pharmacological methods for labour pain, reflexology is one of the best methods. The study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reflexology on pain during first stage of labour among primi gravida mothers. A quasi experimental pre-test post test control group design was used in this study. Sixty subjects in active phase were selected by using non probability purposive sampling technique. Reflexology intervention was given to the experimental group. Data was collected before and after intervention immediately, 1 hour and 2 hour intervals, by using “SAN DIEGO NON VERBAL PAIN SCALE”. The study finding showed that the obtained‘t’ value (19.37) was significant at 0.05 level. It shows that reflexology was effective in reducing pain during active phase of first stage of labour.

Introduction: Nurse Educators face many challenges while teaching research to the beginners and struggled with how to teach the complex skill of qualitative data analysis. However the beginners are overwhelmed with the volume of qualitative data. They need to practice and gain experience with the interpretive process. Often students feel stuck, not knowing how to manage the data they have collected. Objectives: Teach the method of qualitative interpretive analysis to the students. Find out the effect of poetry reading assignment on skills of qualitative interpretive analysis. Methods: Qualitative research methodology was adopted for the study with the strategy of focused group. Participants were I year M.Sc (N) students and total number of participants were 24 and 6 in each group. Participants-MSc Nursing I Year students. Number of participants -24 in four groups. Data collection Procedure: The post graduate Nursing first year students were divided in to four groups and each group was instructed by a moderator. Students were asked to record a conversation and it was transcribed in to verbatim. The investigator assigned a poem and students were asked to read and reread the poem and then to derive themes. The instructions were followed by the students. Once the students finished reading the poem they derived many themes which were documented. After poetry reading investigator instructed them to read and reread the verbatim and identify themes. Students followed the steps and derived themes and sub themes. Results: Groups were identified by numbers. Group one identified 5 themes and 5 sub themes. Group two identified 6 themes and 3 sub themes. Group four identified 5 themes and 2 sub themes; group four identified 6 themes and 5 sub themes. The group one depicted the themes as drawings two groups’ derived meanings in Tamil also. Conclusion: Using poetry reading assignments to introduce students to the skills of qualitative data analysis is a good way; also it is creative, safe and helps the students to develop interpretive abilities.

Despite the regular treatment with medication, a significant proportion of patients does not respond to this treatment. Hence this review was aimed to explore the psychological well-being associated to the unsuccessful fulfilment of asthma control, especially in patients suffering by severe asthma. Evidences are now available to link between asthma and its severity, some psychological aspects (subjective perception, coping style) and mental health. Taking into account this most probably bidirectional influence, mental symptoms and psychological aspects could lead to plan appropriate interventions to control asthma and improve the well-being. The study was conducted among 30 patients at Chest OPD, Sri Ramachandra Hospital. The findings revealed that 40% had severe level of psychological distress; 53% had moderate level of psychological distress and 7% of them had well form of psychological well-being. Hence further research with large sample size is needed to find out the link between psychological factors and sense of well-being.

The central clinical function in building a therapeutic doctor-patient relationship is effective doctor-patient communication, which is the heart and art of medicine. This is a key in the delivery of high-quality health care. Much patient unhappiness and many complaints are due to breakdown in the doctor patient relationship. However, many doctors tend to misjudge their ability in communication. Over the years, much has been published in the literature on this important topic. Looking towards the importance of this aspect present article summarizes some important aspects of communication in medical practice.

Objective: The study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge on job satisfaction among staff nurses working in new block at Sri Ramachandra Hospital and to associate job satisfaction with the selected demographic variables among staff nurses working in new block at Sri Ramachandra Hospital. Design and methods: A descriptive non-experimental design was used to assess the formulated objectives. Setting and participants: Non probability sampling technique was used to select a sample of 30 staff nurses. Results: The results of the study showed that among 30 nurses, 2 (7%) had high level of job satisfaction, 17 (57%) of them had moderate level of job satisfaction and 11 (36%) had low level of job satisfaction. The mean and standard deviation value for job satisfaction was 117 and 16.17 respectively. There was statistically no significant association between demographic variables and job satisfaction. Conclusion: The study concludes that majority of the staff nurses have moderate level of job satisfaction. There was s no significant association between demographic variables and job satisfaction.